1. Quantifying Wind Turbine Efficiency

Try different wind turbine/propeller (chord length, pitch) designs by making models from balsa wood. Connect the spinning axle to a DC motor and measure the voltage produced across a resistor to measure power output. Use fan as wind source. Simulate different wind speeds.

2. Build Your Own Crystal Radio

http://scitoys.com/scitoys/scitoys/radio/homemade_radio.html

3.  Stain removal from fabrics.  Stain resistant fabrics.  Why do some materials stain fabrics?  How do materials adhere to fabrics and is there a way of making stain resistant fabrics? The US Navy is using a novel way of avoiding biofouling coatings on the hulls of their ships. IS this because bacteria can’t stick to these surfaces? Can the same technology be used for avoiding stains?

4. Optimizing  desert-cooler design. Is it necessary to use water? What else can be used? How do you design efficient coolers? There is a lot of information at the Science Buddies site.